- Why do we accrue payroll expenses?
- Governmental Accounting Standards Board Statement 34 issued in June 1999 requires accrual accounting for all government activities and generally requires all capital assets to be depreciated.
- Governmental Accounting Standards Board Statement 35 is an amendment of GASB Statement No. 34. It means that GASB 34 also applies to public colleges and universities.
- Two types of payroll accruals
Generated offsets for each payroll that record liabilities and corresponding entries to reverse those liabilities and impact cash. When payroll expenses are passed from the labor ledger to the general ledger, offsets are generated to balance the accounting entries. Generally this offset occurs in object code 9050 (Salaries Payable) which is very similar to object code 9041 used to record accounts payable liabilities. The following shows sample entries from the offset definition table, which dictates the offset balance type and object code used for a given document type.
| Fiscal Year |
Chart |
Document Type |
Balance Type |
Object Code |
| 2008 |
BL |
HDRW |
AC |
9050 |
| 2008 |
BL |
OPAY |
AC |
9050 |
| 2008 |
BL |
PAY |
AC |
9050 |
| 2008 |
BL |
PAYA |
AC |
9050 |
| 2008 |
BL |
PAYC |
AC |
8000 |
| 2008 |
BL |
PAYD |
AC |
8000 |
| 2008 |
BL |
PAYE |
IE |
9891 |
| 2008 |
BL |
PAYN |
AC |
9050 |
| 2008 |
BL |
PAYR |
AC |
8000 |
| 2008 |
BL |
RETR |
AC |
8000 |
Below are sample entries created when payroll M004013108 was posted from HRMS/Peoplesoft on 1/25/2008:
| Account |
Object |
Doc Type |
Doc Number |
Debit |
Credit |
| 10-200-00 |
2400 |
PAY |
M004013108 |
$10,000 |
|
| 10-200-00 |
8000 |
PAY |
M004013108 |
|
$10,000 |
The following entries, reversing the liability and crediting cash, were then created when payroll M004013108 was paid on 1/31/2008:
| Account |
Object |
Doc Type |
Doc Number |
Debit |
Credit |
| 10-200-00 |
9050 |
PAYD |
M004013108 |
$10,000 |
|
| 10-200-00 |
8000 |
PAYD |
M004013108 |
|
$10,000 |
• Month-end bi-weekly payroll accruals – At the end of each month there are bi-weekly payroll expenses earned but not yet reflected in the university’s accounting ledgers.
Web address for Payroll Bulletin: http://www.fms.indiana.edu/payroll/bulcal.asp
| Group |
Pay Run ID Number |
Off Cycle |
Pay Period Begin Date |
Pay Period End Date |
Vouchers Available |
Job Pay Flag Cutoff |
Pending Voucher Cutoff Date |
Close Date |
Check Date |
Fiscal Period |
Fiscal Year |
| S12 |
M001010208 |
N |
12/1/2007 |
12/31/2007 |
12/11/2007 |
12/18/2007 |
12/20/2007 |
12/21/2007 |
1/2/2008 |
6 |
2008 |
| S12 |
O001010308 |
Y |
1/3/2008 |
1/3/2008 |
|
|
1/3/2008 |
1/3/2008 |
1/3/2008 |
7 |
2008 |
| BW1 |
O001010308 |
Y |
12/28/2007 |
12/28/2007 |
|
|
1/3/2008 |
1/3/2008 |
1/3/2008 |
7 |
2008 |
| AS0 |
O001010308 |
Y |
1/4/2008 |
1/4/2008 |
|
|
1/3/2008 |
1/3/2008 |
1/3/2008 |
7 |
2008 |
| FEL |
O001010308 |
Y |
2/1/2008 |
2/1/2008 |
|
|
1/3/2008 |
1/3/2008 |
1/3/2008 |
7 |
2008 |
| BW1 |
B002011108 |
N |
12/16/2007 |
12/29/2007 |
12/27/2007 |
12/31/2007 |
1/3/2008 |
1/4/2008 |
1/11/2008 |
7 |
2008 |
| S12 |
O002011008 |
Y |
1/10/2008 |
1/10/2008 |
|
|
1/10/2008 |
1/10/2008 |
1/10/2008 |
7 |
2008 |
| BW1 |
O002011008 |
Y |
1/10/2008 |
1/10/2008 |
|
|
1/10/2008 |
1/10/2008 |
1/10/2008 |
7 |
2008 |
| S12 |
O003011708 |
Y |
1/11/2008 |
1/11/2008 |
|
|
1/17/2008 |
1/17/2008 |
1/17/2008 |
7 |
2008 |
| BW1 |
O003011708 |
Y |
1/11/2008 |
1/11/2008 |
|
|
1/17/2008 |
1/17/2008 |
1/17/2008 |
7 |
2008 |
| BW1 |
B003012508 |
N |
12/30/2007 |
1/12/2008 |
1/10/2008 |
1/15/2008 |
1/17/2008 |
1/18/2008 |
1/25/2008 |
7 |
2008 |
| S12 |
O004012408 |
Y |
1/24/2008 |
1/24/2008 |
|
|
1/24/2008 |
1/24/2008 |
1/24/2008 |
7 |
2008 |
| BW1 |
O004012408 |
Y |
1/24/2008 |
1/24/2008 |
|
|
1/24/2008 |
1/24/2008 |
1/24/2008 |
7 |
2008 |
| FEL |
O004012408 |
Y |
2/2/2008 |
2/2/2008 |
|
|
1/24/2008 |
1/24/2008 |
1/24/2008 |
7 |
2008 |
| S12 |
M004013108 |
N |
1/1/2008 |
1/31/2008 |
1/11/2008 |
1/22/2008 |
1/24/2008 |
1/25/2008 |
1/31/2008 |
7 |
2008 |
| S12 |
O005013108 |
Y |
2/1/2008 |
2/1/2008 |
|
|
1/31/2008 |
1/31/2008 |
1/31/2008 |
7 |
2008 |
| BW1 |
O005013108 |
Y |
1/25/2008 |
1/25/2008 |
|
|
1/31/2008 |
1/31/2008 |
1/31/2008 |
7 |
2008 |
| FEL |
O005013108 |
Y |
3/1/2008 |
3/1/2008 |
|
|
1/31/2008 |
1/31/2008 |
1/31/2008 |
7 |
2008 |
| BW1 |
B005020808 |
N |
1/13/2008 |
1/26/2008 |
1/24/2008 |
1/29/2008 |
1/31/2008 |
2/1/2008 |
2/8/2008 |
8 |
2008 |
| S12 |
O006020708 |
Y |
2/7/2008 |
2/7/2008 |
|
|
2/7/2008 |
2/7/2008 |
2/7/2008 |
8 |
2008 |
| BW1 |
O006020708 |
Y |
2/7/2008 |
2/7/2008 |
|
|
2/7/2008 |
2/7/2008 |
2/7/2008 |
8 |
2008 |
| S12 |
O007021308 |
Y |
2/8/2008 |
2/8/2008 |
|
|
2/13/2008 |
2/13/2008 |
2/13/2008 |
8 |
2008 |
| BW1 |
O007021308 |
Y |
2/8/2008 |
2/8/2008 |
|
|
2/13/2008 |
2/13/2008 |
2/13/2008 |
8 |
2008 |
| FEL |
O007021308 |
Y |
3/2/2008 |
3/2/2008 |
|
|
2/13/2008 |
2/13/2008 |
2/13/2008 |
8 |
2008 |
| BW1 |
B006022208 |
N |
1/27/2008 |
2/9/2008 |
2/7/2008 |
2/11/2008 |
2/13/2008 |
2/14/2008 |
2/22/2008 |
8 |
2008 |
Based on the payroll calendar above, bi-weekly payroll B005020808 had a period end date of 1/26/2008 and was posted as a February payroll (fiscal period 08). However, this entire payroll was earned in January (10 working days). Bi-weekly payroll B006022208 had a period end date of 2/09/2008 and was also posted as a February payroll. Of the 10 working days covered by this payroll, four days occurred in January and six days occurred in February. For the January monthly operating statements, payroll expenses were accrued for the 14 working days earned in January but not yet posted. The accrual was based upon the last available bi-weekly payroll processed. In this example the base for the accrual estimate was bi-weekly payroll B003012508.
Last Biweekly Payroll of Period X (Number of Days to Accrue / Number of Days in a Biweekly Pay Period) Amounts from B003012706 X (12 / 10)
The following diagram shows the earn codes selected by the bi-weekly payroll accrual program:
| Earn Code |
Description |
Selected Y/N? |
Example Object Code |
| RGN |
Regular Pay Nonexempt Staff |
Y |
2500 |
| RGH |
Regular Pay Hourly |
Y |
3000/3500 |
| RGP |
Regular Pay PERF |
N |
3050 |
| RGW |
Regular Pay Work-Study |
N |
3800 |
| OOR |
Overtime Only Hourly |
N |
3200 |
For bi-weekly staff, leave earn types are also accrued – sick, vacation, military, injury, etc.
Currently overpayments, cancellations, and hand-drawns are processed with off-cycle payrolls and would be excluded. Also, clearing account expenses and supplementals are excluded from the calculation. At this time, retroactive adjustments processed with bi-weekly payrolls would be included in the payroll accrual calculation.
When generating the accounting entries, the program will list as part of the document number the payrolls that are being accrued and reversed. In January, the document number used was ACCR-0506, indicating that the accrual was for bi-weekly payrolls B005020808 and B006022208.
Accruals are posted with a document type of “PAYA” and reversed using document type “PAYN”. Both of these document types have an offset object code of 9050 and do not affect cash.
To prevent overdrafts and to retain the budget to actual to encumbrance comparison, payroll accruals and reversals are accompanied by offsetting encumbrance transactions:
Example Accruals from January:
| Account |
Object |
Balance Type |
Doc Type |
Doc Number |
Debit |
Credit |
| 1912610 |
2500 |
AC |
PAYA |
ACCR-0506 |
$10,000 |
|
| 1912610 |
9050 |
AC |
PAYA |
ACCR-0506 |
|
$10,000 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1912610 |
2500 |
IE |
PAYE |
ACCR-0506 |
|
$10,000 |
| 1912610 |
9891 |
IE |
PAYE |
ACCR-0506 |
$10,000 |
|
The accrual estimate recorded payroll expenses in the month earned.
Example Reversals from February:
| Account |
Object |
Balance Type |
Doc Type |
Doc Number |
Debit |
Credit |
| 1912610 |
2500 |
AC |
PAYN |
ACCR-0506 |
|
$10,000 |
| 1912610 |
9050 |
AC |
PAYN |
ACCR-0506 |
$10,000 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1912610 |
2500 |
IE |
PAYE |
ACCR-0506 |
$10,000 |
|
| 1912610 |
9891 |
IE |
PAYE |
ACCR-0506 |
|
$10,000 |
The accrual reversals offset the actual payroll expenses that were booked by HRMS/Peoplesoft when payrolls B005020808 and B006022208were posted to February.